01 · Term and function

What is Temps lié?

Temps lié is a connecting movement sequence. A direction is prepared, weight is transferred, and the new position is organized without interruption.

Category

Adagio & transitions

Movement operation

prepare · open · transfer · close

Technical function

weight transfer, coordination, spatial and directional awareness

Display status

Interactive schematic movement analysis with its own movement logic

02 · Technical execution

What matters in Temps lié

Weight transfer

Transfer weight without interruption and make the new supporting leg unambiguous.

Pathway

The pathway between positions remains continuous and technically legible.

Alignment

Foot, knee, pelvis, and torso remain coordinated during the transfer.

Timing

The transition is part of the phrase, not merely the space between two poses.

Finish

Arrive in the new organization without a late corrective step.

Body awareness: Notice which part of the body supports the movement, which part travels, and where the movement can remain clear without forcing range, turnout, speed, or height.

03 · Movement phases

Temps lié step by step

1 · Start

Organize weight, direction, feet, torso, and focus for the movement that follows.

2 · Plié

Organize weight, direction, feet, torso, and focus for the movement that follows.

3 · Tendu

Carry out this phase with a clear direction, coordinated weight organization, and controlled transition into the next phase.

4 · Transfer weight

Carry out this phase with a clear direction, coordinated weight organization, and controlled transition into the next phase.

5 · Close

Return or close with the same precision used to begin the movement and arrive in a clear final organization.

04 · For children and beginners

Observe and explore safely

Work in a small, controlled range first. Make the supporting leg, movement direction, and return position clear before increasing range or speed.

Sensing question

Which foot or leg is supporting you right now, and which part is moving?

Observation question

Can you keep the direction and supporting organization clear while the movement changes?

Rule of thumb

Work only as large, fast, or high as you can control comfortably and without pain.

05 · Teaching and feedback

What teachers and learners can observe

Technique

Alignment, footwork, supporting/working-leg organization, and controlled return.

Strength

Graded use of force appropriate to the movement task.

Mobility

Usable range without visible compensation.

Musicality

Timing, duration, movement flow, and intentional accent.

Presence

Direction, focus, beginning, and finish remain clearly readable.

Maximum height, speed, turnout, or range is not a meaningful criterion on its own. What matters is controlled, physically coherent execution.

06 · Choreographic use

How the effect of Temps lié can change

A technical movement is shaped on stage by time, space, form, gaze, and relationship. These variables change perception without assigning a fixed psychological meaning to the movement.

Timing

A transfer can be continuous, delayed, suspended, or suddenly redirected.

Path

Direct or curved pathways change how the transition reads in space.

Weight

A clear or hesitant transfer changes the sense of commitment.

Relationship

One dancer can initiate, follow, interrupt, or make space for another transfer.

07 · Feeling, need, and relationship

Possible readings — not fixed meanings

Feelings and needs are not derived from Temps lié itself. They are possible readings of a specific situation. Feeling, need, intention, and movement operation therefore remain separate.

Calm and controlled

Possible feelings: concentration, composure. Possible needs: orientation, stability. Possible intentions: prepare, organize, sustain a state.

Fast or accented

Possible feelings: determination, tension. Possible needs: clarity, effectiveness. Possible intentions: set an impulse, mark a direction.

In relationship to others

Possible feelings: connection, caution, resistance, or curiosity — depending on context. Possible needs: cooperation, autonomy, respect, or orientation. Possible intentions: respond, follow, avoid, support, or mark a boundary.

Choreographic guiding question: How does one person’s action change another person’s possibilities for action?

08 · Continue learning

From Temps lié to related movements

Plié

A controlled bending of the knees followed by re-straightening, with organized turnout, footwork, and torso alignment.

Battement tendu devant

The working leg slides forward, fully lengthens the knee and foot, and returns with control to the starting position.

Battement soutenu

Soutenu means “sustained” or “held.” The movement combines a long working-leg line with a sustained closing action, often in connection with demi-pointe.

Tombé

Tombé means “fallen.” In ballet it describes a deliberately organized transition in which weight is transferred onto a new, usually bent supporting leg.

Coupé

Coupé describes a cutting weight or foot change in which one foot takes the place or function of the other; detailed usage depends on the school.

Passé par terre

The extended working foot travels along the floor through first position from front to back or vice versa.

Pas de bourrée dessous

A pas-de-bourrée variant with the opposite crossing organization to dessus; terminology and detailed sequence vary by school.

Pas de bourrée dessus

A pas-de-bourrée variant in which the crossing foot sequence is organized over the chosen side; exact terminology and execution depend on the school.

Additional professional background

Books on learning and body awareness

The movement lexicon complements two book projects by Mathias Ellmann: The Ballet Teaching Tree for reflective, healthy learning and Leni and Oscar and the Secret of the Ballet Tree for younger readers.

Book cover The Ballet Teaching Tree by Mathias Ellmann
The Ballet Teaching Tree

A model for healthy, reflective, artistically oriented ballet learning — with body awareness, motivation, self-respect, and long-term development.

About The Ballet Teaching Tree
Book cover Leni and Oscar and the Secret of the Ballet Tree by Mathias Ellmann
Leni and Oscar and the Secret of the Ballet Tree

A story about body awareness, courage, learning, and the joy of development for younger readers.

About the children’s book

Concept · Ballet knowledge · Choreography

Mathias Ellmann

Mathias Ellmann

Mathias Ellmann develops the Ballet Movement Lexicon as a connection between classical ballet technique, body awareness, learning, and choreographic application.

Movements are first described in observable terms. Choreographic variables, relationship, and possible dramaturgical readings are added only afterwards.

In the contemporary ballet projects, classical ballet technique is used as a precise language of human relationships. The central question is: How does one person’s action change another person’s possibilities for action?

Ballet projects · The Ballet Teaching Tree · Leni and Oscar